Saltwater intrusion management at different coastal aquifers bed slopes considering sea level rise and reduction in fresh groundwater storage

Abstract Coastal fresh groundwater management is a challenging research topic due to the relevance of these resources and huge suffered risks global change overpopulation. The geometrical features coastal aquifers play control role in saltwater intrusion (SWI). Seawater level rise reduction aquifer storage are promoting SWI. All key factors considered with two different numerical approaches defining schematic criteria bottom using code SEAWAT. former approach adopts well-known Henry’s problem; latter based on real study case Gaza (Palestine). Different bed slopes (ABS), hydraulic physical methods for SWI together SLR, recharge reduction, over pumping. results showed that land side ABS cases show more than sea horizontal ABS. Cut-off walls check dams effective manage other slopes, also subsurface dams, earth fill freshwater good while abstraction brackish water combination better mitigate Useful comparing tables considerations defined purpose guide preliminary selections new solutions reducing effect around world. Graphical abstract